The secure routing protocol
presented in [5] can defend against all the above attacks on routing. We briefly
describe the attacks on sensor network routing in the following.
Manipulating Routing Information
The most direct attack against a routing protocol is to target the routing
information exchanged among nodes [3]. By spoofing, altering, or replaying
routing information, adversaries may be able to create routing loops, attract
or repel network tra?±c, extend or shorten source routes, generate false error
messages, partition the network, increase end-to-end latency, etc.
Selective Forwarding Attack
Many sensor network routing protocols are based on the assumption that
participating nodes will faithfully forward received packets. In a selective forwarding
attack [13], compromised or malicious nodes may selectively forward
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Chapter 17 A Survey on Sensor Network Security
some packets while dropping other packets. An adversary interested in suppressing
or modifying packets originated from some selected nodes can reliably
forward the remaining tra?±c and limit suspicion of her misbehaviors. Selective
forwarding attacks are typically most e?®ective when the attacker is explicitly
included on the path of a data flow.
The Sybil Attack
In a Sybil attack [16], a single node presents multiple identities to other nodes
in the network. The Sybil attack can significantly reduce the e?®ectiveness of
fault-tolerant schemes such as distributed storage, multi-path routing, and
topology maintenance.
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