359
0
0.04
0.08
0.12
0.16
0.2
0.24
0.28
0.32
0.36
0.4
100 150 200 250 300 350 400
Energy Dissiaption
Number of Sensor Nodes in the System
Energy dissipated on data transmission
LEACH
Max-Min
Forest
Yadi Ma and Maggie Cheng
Stability in Mobile Environments
In this simulation, we randomly choose a node and make it move around, then
we observe how the cluster structure will change accordingly. We assume a
node moves at a speed of 2m/s from one corner (75, 150) of the region toward
the opposite corner, as shown in Figure 3. We also assume the three schemes
run automatically after the node moves. We measure the status of clusters
once every 5s for 100s, as the node approaches the opposite corner. The size
of the network is 100 nodes.
Fig. 3. Motion of a node in a 100-node network.
Our experiments show that LEACH elects new clusterheads periodically
no matter whether there is a moving node or not. Therefore the percentage
of nodes that change their clusterheads is 100 %. This is because in LEACH
each node uses a random number to decide if it will be a clusterhead, which is
independent of the node location. On the other hand, the clusters of Max-Min
and Forest remain unchanged until there is a topology change. Specifically,
a change of a?±liation occurs in Forest only if the local topology has been
changed in the vicinity of the moving node. In Max-Min, a change occurs
only if the moving node causes a change of largest id within d hops.
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