Popular technique names associated
with this approach are Dif?¬?e-Helman, the popular RSA,
and the more recent elliptic curves.
This new feature is a game changer for our canonical example.
Alice can now acquire the encryption key from Bob without
fears of interception from Eve. That key is only good for encrypting
messages that are intended for Bob but bears no decryption
powers at all, so Eve cannot use it for accessing any private content.
For this reason, we call such a key a public key. Bob does
not need to hide it; in fact, he can publish it so that everybody
can send him messages that won??™t be readable by anybody else.
Naturally, Bob owns the corresponding decryption key. It will be
a well-guarded secret that nobody else will ever need to see. For
this reason, we de?¬?ne the decryption key as a private key.
Public key cryptography is one of the main enablers of the current
level of security in the IT world. However, symmetric key
encryption still plays a fundamental role. The algorithms implementing
asymmetric encryption and decryption are much more
resource-consuming than their symmetric counterparts, hence
their usage is not appropriate in every situation.
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