0577 " | .3701 " | .0580 "
.0618 " | .3465 " | .0619 " | .3454 "
.0618 " | .2310 " | .0625 " | .2295 "
.0618 " | .1155 " | .0621 " | .1155 "
------------+------------+------------+------------
FOOTNOTES:
[124] For fuller information see a paper on "The Estimation of Minute
Quantities of Gold," by Dr. George Tate; read before the Liverpool
Polytechnic Society, Nov. 1889.
[125] _Journal of the Society of Chemical Industry_, No 4, vol. ix.
April 30, 1890.
APPENDIX C.
A LECTURE ON THE THEORY OF SAMPLING.
The problem of the sampler is essentially the same as that of the
student of statistics. One aims at getting a small parcel of ore, the
other a number of data, but each hopes to obtain what shall represent a
true average applicable to a much larger mass of material. Ignoring the
mechanical part of the problems, the sampling errors of the one and the
deviations from the average of the other are the same thing.
It may be doubted whether many not specially trained in the study of
statistics could answer such a question as the following:--Seven hundred
thousand men being employed, there are, in a given year, one thousand
deaths from accident. Assuming the conditions to remain unaltered,
within what limits could one foretell the number of deaths by accident
in any other year?
On the other hand, there is a widespread belief in the efficacy of what
is called the law of averages.
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