c. = 1 lb. of soda to the short
ton. The corresponding figures for the long ton are 12.544 grams for
lime and 17.92 grams for soda.
[46] In which case each .01 gram of metal found equals 1 lb to the short
ton of solution.
[47] 100 c.c. of water dissolves 0.66 gram of the salt; it is almost
insoluble in alcohol or in solutions of ammonic chloride.
[48] According to Personne mercuric chloride is not volatilised from
boiling solutions when alkaline chlorides are present.
[49] The solution should contain about 0.25 gram of mercury, and a large
excess of nitric acid must be avoided.
CHAPTER X.
COPPER--LEAD--THALLIUM--BISMUTH--ANTIMONY.
COPPER.
Copper occurs native in large quantities, especially in the Lake
Superior district; in this state it is generally pure. More frequently
it is found in combination. The ores of copper may be classed as oxides
and sulphides. The most abundant oxidised ores are the carbonates,
malachite and chessylite; the silicates, as also the red and black
oxides, occur less abundantly. All these yield their copper in solution
on boiling with hydrochloric acid.
The sulphides are more abundant. Copper pyrites (or yellow ore),
erubescite (or purple ore), and chalcocite (or grey ore) are the most
important. Iron pyrites generally carries copper and is frequently
associated with the above-mentioned minerals.
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